A Federal Match Makes College More Affordable For Scholarship Students

As 2007 drew to a close, four of the nation's mostcost of college?
selective colleges: Harvard, Duke, Swarthmore andI guess they could hope their child gets into Harvard,
Pomona, all announced plans to revamp their financialor its kin.
aid policies by replacing loans with grants. OtherOr they could hope that colleges loosen their purse
institutions, most notably Princeton and Columbia, hadstrings; according to the National Association of
already implemented similar plans.College and University Business Administrators, the
Harvard's policy is novel; according to the Chronicle ofaverage institution spends only 4.6 percent of their
Higher Education, the university announced thatendowment. The approach of Congress and the Bush
families with incomes between $120,000 andAdministration has been to slap colleges on the wrist
$180,000 would be asked to contribute no more thanand tell them to or loosen purse strings so that
10 percent of their student's total expenses forfinancial aid spending can be cut. The finger pointing is
college, while the neediest families would pay nothing.useless; the colleges have little to no incentive to
Harvard will raise its student financial aid budget bycooperate.
$22 million to implement this policy. With a $35 billionThe way I see it, we need an incentive to encourage
endowment, highest in the nation, Harvard can affordschools to make more scholarship aid available, to
to do it; the added monies for aid are just a drop inencourage students and parents to become more
the bucket.financially prudent, and encourage students to do
This is good news for anyone wishing to apply totheir best in the classroom. Grades are still important
Harvard; cost is less of a detriment to well-qualifiedinterview selection criteria; recruiters ask career
candidates in upper middle class families. A $180,000centers to filter resumes by GPA before they see
family income gets spread awfully thin when there'sthem.
more than one child in college and the family lives in aTherefore, I propose a new incentive that I call the
high-cost metro area. But if cost is less of aFederal Scholarship Match.
detriment to going to Harvard, than Harvard willIt works like this: for every dollar, up to $7,500,
become more selective, because the number ofearned through an academic or service scholarship,
applications will surely rise.the federal government would match it, up to the
This has a ripple effect, students apply to moretotal cost of tuition, fees, room and board. This
colleges, so they're sure they will be admittedwould not preclude a student from receiving other
somewhere; other institutions become more selectiveassistance; if the match doesn't meet the total
too. Few can afford to do what Harvard has done.financial need, the student can receive loans or other
Imagine the resentment in a household where aaid.
Harvard reject must attend their safety school - andThus, for example, a bright student who receives a
must pay more than they would have paid to go to$3,000 scholarship to Rutgers (from any source other
Harvard, even if the safety school is their statethan the federal government: private, state, the
university.school) would receive an additional $3,000. If he
It's difficult to pity families in this predicament; thereceived a full-tuition ($8,500 today) scholarship, he'd
parents earn a good income and their child has notreceive an additional $7,500 in federal match, so he
wanted for much, until this point. There are small taxand his family would be responsible for the balance,
credits; the Hope Tax Credit allows a deduction ofor $4,000.
$1,650 per student for the first two years of college,The family with the six-figure income could pay the
and the Life Long Learning Tax Credit may cover up$4,000 out of their pocket - or the student could
to $2,000 of tuition for the remaining years. The capearn it through employment.
on family income for these credits is $114,000.I can just see the head spins and eye rolls in some
The relief is paltry when I consider that Rutgers, myquarters of the higher education community; this
home state university, costs $20,000 for tuition,proposal redefines the idea of need-based aid. This is
fees, room and board for an in-state student. It'swhat I'd hear: The match puts the needs of the
reasonable to expect the entering freshmen and theirbrightest, regardless of income, over the truly needy.
parents to spend $100,000 for a bachelor's degreeIt would also reduce the number of full-ride
after four years, and certainly after five.scholarships offered out of college coffers because
Government loans can't cover the total cost of athe government would chip in.
Rutgers degree; the maximum undergraduates mayI disagree with the first point; if a student was
borrow ranges from $7,500 to $10,500 - and that'smotivated enough to earn a scholarship, they
for a combination of interest-subsidized anddeserve the opportunity to go to college. They also
unsubsidized loans. The maximum they may borrowdeserve to stay, if they were motivated enough to
for four years is $37,000; this principal is unlikely tomaintain the grades to keep it.
rise as fast as Rutgers' tuition.The second point is true, but colleges could offer an
The federal government allows borrowers toaffordable education to more students. The matching
consolidate those loans and repay them over 20program needs a catch: colleges must loosen their
years; our $37,000 borrower repays $295 a month.purse strings to qualify for the match and agree to
Assuming they qualified; there are needs testsaid more students.
associated with these loans.In effect, the federal government would give every
Assuming they have no other loans at higher interestcollege the incentive to follow Harvard's lead.
rates; the interest on interest - subsidized loans is 6.8Who knows: a success match program could
percent, and 7.9 percent for unsubsidized loans. Lordencourage Congress to offer young taxpayers a tax
help any college student or parent who pays morecredit to help sustain it; thankful recipients could apply
principal and interest on student loans; it's not worthsome of the money that they might be applying to
it.student loan debt.
So what's a family to do, if federal loans can't coverAnd they'd help future generations, including their
the difference between their resources and the totalchildren, pay for college.