How to Pick Your Recommenders

Avoid jumping all over the first person who offers tocan.Recommender Tip #3: Seminars Trump Lectures
write you a "great recommendation."Why? Because your professors get to know you in
Recommendation writing is both an art and a science,seminars in a way they can't in lecture classes. The
and few people do it really well, either because theymore class participation opportunities you have, and
don't know you well enough to address the thingsthe more substantial the writing and research you do
admissions officers care about, because they can't befor a class, the better able your professor will be to
bothered, or because they don't knowdiscuss your academic talents. If you're reading this
how.Recommender Tip #1: Academic Recommendersbook in your undergraduate years, try to take
Many law schools state an express preference formultiple seminars with a professor with whom you
academic recommendations, meaning someone whoreally hit it off. Even better, take on a major project
has taught you in college and can speak to yourwith a professor, like a thesis.Seminars tend to be
strengths as a student and a scholar. The reasonhigher-level classes, so you probably won't be able to
they do that is because they look to yourtake them until your junior year, at the earliest. Your
recommendations to try to predict, as best they can,professor will need at least the entire semester, if
how you'll do in law school, so they want to get anot multiple semesters, to get to know you and your
sense of your talents in the classroom. If the LSATwork, so plan ahead. You'll need time to cultivate
score is meant to give them an idea of yourthose relationships.Recommender Tip #4: Willing and
intellectual horsepower, your recommendations (alongAble It's human nature: People are busy at best, lazy
with your transcript) are supposed to let them gaugeat worst, and don't like writing bang-up
what you do with that horsepower. We all knowrecommendations except for the few pet students
people who are whip sharp but slackers in theand employees they really want to go to bat for.
classroom, and people who have to work their bunsAnd that's under the best of circumstances. With the
off to perform well -- admissions officers want tohuge upsurge in law school applications in recent
figure out where you fall on that continuum.If you'veyears, professors and bosses are bombarded with
been out of college for more than two years,recommendation requests, and they grant many that
admissions officers understand that it can be verythey shouldn't. Why? Because they are usually nice
difficult to track down your old college professors,people who don't have the heart to say no, even
and they'll cut you some slack. If you're in a graduatethough they don't have the time or the energy or
program, you can ask one of your graduatethe knowledge to write meaningful letters, letters
professors to write a letter. If you're out in thethat will really help your cause with admissions
working world, you can ask your boss. If anofficers. So be smart about how you approach
undergraduate recommendation is at all possible,people. You should ask professors to be candid with
though, you should try to drum one up, and submit ayou:Do they have time to write a recommendation
second, nonacademic one (if required) from one offor you? Tell them you understand that they are
these alternate sources.Of your various professors,deluged with requests and that a well-crafted and
the most useful ones are going to be those whoeffective recommendation letter takes time and
taught classes that approximate law school the best:effort. Ask them politely to decline if they don't think
classes that are heavy on analytical reasoning,they can make that commitment right now. This also
reading, research, and expository writing.gives them an easy out if they don't think they can
Recommendations from classes like Theater,write you a favorable letter.
Communications, Creative Writing, Statistics, andDo they think they can write a very strong letter on
Conversational French won't be asyour behalf? If they say no, be gracious and thank
useful.Recommenders that are almost always uselessthem for their honesty. Make clear that you're happy
for the purposes of law school admissions includeto approach someone else if they have any
your state senator, friends of the family, relatives,reservations at all, and explain that you'd still love to
famous people and muckety-muck judges who knowhear their constructive feedback for your own
you only socially (if at all), your lacrosse coach, andbenefit.
your choir director.If you're still in school or a recentIf there is any resistance or push-back or wavering,
graduate, and you have some experience working inanything less than an enthusiastic commitment right
a legal capacity (as a paralegal, say, or an intern at aoff the bat, let it go. Thank them and move on.
legal clinic), you can certainly submit aThere will be times when you have taken a number
recommendation from the people you've worked for.of classes with a professor or worked very closely
Just make sure they are supplementalwith a boss who has gotten to know you very well,
recommendation letters rather than substitutes forbut you suspect that she is not one of your greatest
your academic recommendations.If a school statesfans for one reason or another. Maybe she doesn't
no preference for the type of recommender they'relike your writing style. Maybe he doesn't like your
looking for, assume they prefer an academic one.view of Plato, or how you handled the Crisco
And if any school gives you instructions thataccount. Maybe she's sick of losing her top people to
contradict what I'm telling you here, follow thoselaw school. Maybe you'll lose your bonus if he gets
instructions.Recommender Tip #2: Closeness Trumpswind that you'll be bailing. Whatever the reason,
Rank Remember poor old Matthew from theyou're better off finding someone else. Closeness and
beginning of the chapter? He made a classic mistake:status don't help if a recommender isn't going to say
He assumed that a recommendation from a Nobelgreat things about you.Recommender Tip #5:
Prize winner was too good an opportunity to passCollaboration Also try to gauge whether your
up, and he didn't stop to ask himself what thatpotential recommenders would be willing to work
professor would be able to say about him. Matthewwith you on the letter. They should be grateful to
would have been much better off asking his TA forreceive that offer of help -- and many will be -- but
that class to write his recommendation (or pickingsome won't be open to collaboration at all. All else
another class entirely for his recommendation). Hisbeing equal, pick the person who is willing to work
TA would have been able to base hiswith you and understand why you're applying to law
recommendation on their weekly discussion groupsschool, what you're trying to communicate in your
and weekly assignments that the TA graded. Manyapplications, and how you're trying to present
law school applicants attend colleges that do notyourself.For example, I recall reading an application
enable up-close-and personal relationships withessay that set forth all the compelling reasons why
professors -- some people spend four yearsthat particular applicant wanted to leverage his
interacting only with graduate students -- and theybanking and finance experience as a corporate
shouldn't worry that they are at a disadvantage withlawyer. You can imagine my eyebrow cocking when I
respect to their recommendations. The person writinggot to the recommendation letter written by his boss
the recommendation should be able to speak withat the bank, who explained that the applicant wanted
experience and authority about you in the classroom,to go to law school so he could be an "agent for
and if that means you have to forgo the Nobel Prizesocial change." Those things aren't inherently exclusive
winner, that's okay -- you're better off with the TA.of each other, but the recommendation just wasn't in
The same principle applies if your recommendation issync with the rest of the application, which hadn't
coming from the working world. You're better offtalked at all about wanting to bring about social
requesting a letter from the congressional stafferchange. It felt like something the recommender had
you worked with and reported to every day thanjust thrown in there because he thought that must
the bigwig senator who still mispronounces yourbe what law schools want to hear.How do you make
name or confuses you with the aide who worked forsure that your messages are in sync? By being
him three sessions ago.Once you've cleared thatprepared and giving them the information they need
hurdle, if you're choosing between someone with lessto write their letters. Collect the information that you
teaching experience and someone with more, pickwant your recommenders to have:A letter explaining
the latter. Being able to speak from the experiencewhy you're applying to law school;
of teaching ten years' or fifteen years' or evenwhat schools you're applying to (your list doesn't
decades' worth of undergraduates will give ahave to be final, but if, for example, you're applying
teacher's opinion more weight. A TA won't haveonly to New York or D.C. schools, your
been teaching that long, and calling you the bestrecommenders should know that, and why);
student he's ever taught won't sound impressive ifhow you're positioning yourself in the rest of your
this is his first year teaching.A caveat: While it'sapplication (if you're far enough along with your
generally true that law schools prefer academicdrafts, you should include your personal statement or
recommendations over professional ones, there's astatement of purpose; good recommenders will
tipping point for older applicants where it starts todemand them);
look funny if you don't provide a recommendationwhich qualities you want them to address in their
from your employer. Unless you've been out ofletters (you'll compile that list from the individual law
college for at least seven or ten years, though, orschools' recommendation forms), along with
unless a school specifically prefers or requires asuggested anecdotes and examples to illustrate
professional recommendation, you're still better offthem; and
trying to drum up at least one academic one if youwhen the letters are due (i.e.